橡胶老化是指橡胶及其产品在加工、储存和使用过程中，由于内外因素的综合作用，橡胶的物理化学性质和机械性能逐渐恶化，最终失去使用价值。这种变化被称为橡胶老化。表面为裂纹、粘度、硬化、软化、粉化、变色、霉菌等。
Rubber
aging refers to the gradual deterioration of the physical, chemical,
and mechanical properties of rubber and its products during processing,
storage, and use due to the combined effects of internal and external
factors, ultimately leading to the loss of useful value. This change is
called rubber aging. The surface is characterized by cracks, viscosity,
hardening, softening, pulverization, discoloration, mold, etc.
导致橡胶老化的因素如下：
The factors that cause rubber aging are as follows:
1.氧，氧在橡胶中与橡胶分子发生游离基链锁反应，分子链断裂或过度交联，导致橡胶性能发生变化。氧是橡胶老化的重要原因之一。
1.
Oxygen, oxygen in rubber undergoes free radical chain reaction with
rubber molecules, resulting in molecular chain breakage or excessive
cross-linking, leading to changes in rubber properties. Oxygen is one of
the important causes of rubber aging.
2.臭氧，臭氧的化学活性氧要高得多，破坏性更大，它也破坏了分子链，但臭氧对橡胶的作用随橡胶的变形而变化。当作用于变形的橡胶（主要是不饱和橡胶）出现直裂纹，即所谓的臭氧裂纹，作用于变形的橡胶，只产生氧化膜而不裂纹。
2.
Ozone, the chemical reactive oxygen species of ozone are much higher
and more destructive. It also damages molecular chains, but the effect
of ozone on rubber changes with rubber deformation. Straight cracks,
also known as ozone cracks, occur in rubber (mainly unsaturated rubber)
used for deformation. When applied to deformed rubber, only an oxide
film is produced without cracks.
3.热，提高温度会导致橡胶的热裂解或热交联。但热的基本作用仍然是激活的。提高氧扩散速度和激活氧化反应，加速橡胶氧化反应速度常见的老化现象——热氧老化。
3.
Heat, increasing the temperature can lead to thermal cracking or
cross-linking of rubber. But the basic function of heat is still
activated. The common aging phenomenon of increasing oxygen diffusion
rate and activating oxidation reaction to accelerate rubber oxidation
reaction rate - thermal oxygen aging.
4.光，光波越短，能量就越大。能量较高的紫外线会破坏橡胶。除了直接导致橡胶分子链的断裂和交联外，橡胶还会因吸收光能而产生自由基，从而导致和加速氧化链的反应过程。紫外线光起着加热作用。光作用的另一个特点（不同于热作用）是它主要进入橡胶表面。在含胶率高的样品中，两侧都会出现网状裂纹，即所谓的光外裂纹。
4.
Light, the shorter the light wave, the greater the energy. High energy
ultraviolet rays can damage rubber. In addition to directly causing the
breakage and cross-linking of rubber molecular chains, rubber also
generates free radicals by absorbing light energy, leading to and
accelerating the reaction process of the oxidation chain. Ultraviolet
light plays a heating role. Another characteristic of light action
(different from thermal action) is that it mainly enters the rubber
surface. In samples with high adhesive content, network cracks, also
known as external cracks, will appear on both sides.
5.机械应力，在机械应力的反复作用下，会使橡胶分子链裂纹产生自由泉，引起氧化链反应，形成机械化学过程。机械断裂分子链和机械激活氧化过程。优势取决于它的条件。此外，在应力定网站建设 伺服液位仪 防撞墙模具 唐山护栏 遮阳网 作用下容易引起臭氧裂纹。
5.
Mechanical stress, under the repeated action of mechanical stress, can
cause cracks in rubber molecular chains to form free springs, causing
oxidation chain reactions and forming mechanochemical processes.
Mechanical fracture of molecular chains and mechanically activated
oxidation processes. The advantage depends on its conditions. In
addition, it is easy to cause ozone cracks under stress.
