输送带是输送系统的关键设备，它的安全稳定运行直接影响到生产作业。输送带的跑偏是带式输送机的最常见故障，对其及时准确的处理是其安全稳定运行的保障。跑偏的现象和原因很多，要根据不同的跑偏现象和原因采取不同的调整方法，才能有效地解决问题。本文是根据多年现场实践，从使用者角度出发，利用力学原理分析与说明此类故障的原因及处理方法。
Conveyor belt is the key equipment of the conveyor system. Its safe and stable operation directly affects the production operation. The deviation of conveyor belt is the most common fault of belt conveyor, and its timely and accurate treatment is the guarantee of its safe and stable operation. There are many phenomena and reasons of running deviation. We should adopt different adjustment methods according to different phenomena and reasons of running deviation in order to solve the problem effectively. In this paper, based on many years of field practice and from the user's point of view, the causes and treatment methods of this kind of fault are analyzed and explained by using mechanical principle.
一、头部驱动滚筒或尾部改向滚筒的轴线与输送机中心线不垂直，造成输送带在头部滚筒或尾部改向滚筒处跑偏。如图三所示，滚筒偏斜时，输送带在滚筒两侧的松紧度不一致，沿宽度方向上所受的牵引力Fq也就不一致，成递增或递减趋势，这样就会使输送带附加一个向递减方向的移动力Fy，导致输送带向松侧跑偏，即所谓的"跑松不跑紧"。其调整方法为:对于头部滚筒如输送带向滚筒的右侧跑偏，则右侧的轴承座应当向前移动，输送带向滚筒的左侧跑偏，则左侧的轴承座应当向前移动，相对应的也可将左侧轴承座后移或右侧轴承座后移。尾部滚筒的调整方法与头部滚筒刚好相反。经过反复调整直到输送带调到较理想的位置。在调整驱动或改向滚筒前最好准确安装其位置。
1. The axis of the head driving drum or the tail changing drum is not perpendicular to the center line of the conveyor, resulting in the deviation of the conveyor belt at the head drum or the tail changing drum. As shown in Fig. 3, when the drum is deflected, the elasticity of the conveyor belt on both sides of the drum is inconsistent, and the traction force Fq along the width direction is inconsistent, which tends to increase or decrease. This will cause the conveyor belt to add a moving force Fy in the decreasing direction, resulting in the conveyor belt running towards the loose side, that is, the so-called "running loose and not tightening". 。 The adjustment method is as follows: for the head drum, if the conveyor belt runs to the right side of the drum, the bearing seat on the right side should move forward and the conveyor belt runs to the left side of the drum, the bearing seat on the left side should move forward, and the corresponding bearing seat on the left side can also be moved back or the right bearing seat can be moved back. The adjustment method of the tail drum is just the opposite to that of the head drum. After repeated adjustments until the conveyor belt to a better position. It is best to install the drum accurately before adjusting the drive or changing direction